Personnel expenses comprise:
(in millions of euros)  | 2020  | 2019*  | 
|---|---|---|
| Wages and salaries | Wages and salaries 2020 (9,024)  | Wages and salaries 2019* (8,914)  | 
| Social contributions | Social contributions 2020 (2,020)  | Social contributions 2019* (1,951)  | 
| Employee profit sharing | Employee profit sharing 2020 (271)  | Employee profit sharing 2019* (277)  | 
| Other contributions related to personnel | Other contributions related to personnel 2020 (347)  | Other contributions related to personnel 2019* (360)  | 
| Other expenses linked to short-term benefits | Other expenses linked to short-term benefits 2020 (219)  | Other expenses linked to short-term benefits 2019* (251)  | 
Short-term benefits  | Short-term benefits 2020 (11,881) | Short-term benefits 2019* (11,753)  | 
| Expenses under defined-contribution plans | Expenses under defined-contribution plans 2020 (952)  | Expenses under defined-contribution plans 2019* (988)  | 
| Expenses under defined-benefit plans | Expenses under defined-benefit plans 2020 (944)  | Expenses under defined-benefit plans 2019* (801)  | 
Post-employment benefits  | Post-employment benefits 2020 (1,896)  | Post-employment benefits 2019* (1,789)  | 
| Other long-term expenses | Other long-term expenses 2020 (155)  | Other long-term expenses 2019* (222)  | 
| Termination payments | Termination payments 2020 (25)  | Termination payments 2019* (33)  | 
| Other personnel expenses | Other personnel expenses 2020 (180)  | Other personnel expenses 2019* (255)  | 
PERSONNEL EXPENSES  | PERSONNEL EXPENSES 2020 (13,957)  | PERSONNEL EXPENSES 2019* (13,797)  | 
*Restated for the impacts of IFRS 5 due to the change in scope of E&P operations (see note 1.4.2).
Excluding foreign exchange effects and changes in the scope of consolidation, personnel expenses increased by 1.1% from 2019, mainly in the France – Regulated activities, EDFRenewables segments and Dalkia.
Average workforce comprises:
2020  | 2019  | |
|---|---|---|
| IEG status | IEG status 2020 95,530  | IEG status 2019 96,818  | 
| Other | Other 2020 65,673  | Other 2019 64,704  | 
AVERAGE WORKFORCE  | AVERAGE WORKFORCE 2020 161,203  | AVERAGE WORKFORCE 2019 161,522  | 
Average workforce numbers for the controlled entities and joint operations are reported on a full-time equivalent basis.
A more detailed presentation of workforce categories can be found in the “Environmental and Societal Information – Human Resources” section of the Universal RegistrationDocument in section 3.4.2.1.1, “Workforce of the EDF group”.
Other operating income and expenses comprise:
(in millions of euros)  | Notes  | 2020  | 2019(1)  | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating subsidies | Operating subsidies Notes 5.4.1  | Operating subsidies 2020 8,305  | Operating subsidies 2019(1) 7,834  | 
| Net income on deconsolidation | Net income on deconsolidation Notes 5.4.2  | Net income on deconsolidation 2020 221  | Net income on deconsolidation 2019(1) 576  | 
| Gains on disposal of fixed assets | Gains on disposal of fixed assets Notes 5.4.2  | Gains on disposal of fixed assets 2020 (229)  | Gains on disposal of fixed assets 2019(1) (188)  | 
| Net increase in provisions on current assets(2) | Net increase in provisions on current assets (2)Notes 
  | Net increase in provisions on current assets (2)2020 (203)  | Net increase in provisions on current assets (2)2019(1) (107)  | 
| Net increase in provisions for operating contingencies and losses | Net increase in provisions for operating contingencies and losses Notes 
  | Net increase in provisions for operating contingencies and losses 2020 (348)  | Net increase in provisions for operating contingencies and losses 2019(1) (54)  | 
| Other items | Other items Notes 5.4.3  | Other items 2020 (1,963)  | Other items 2019(1) (1,374)  | 
OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES  | OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES Notes 
  | OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES 2020 5,783  | OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES 2019(1) 6,687  | 
(1) Restated for the impacts of IFRS 5 due to the change in scope of E&P operations (see note 1.4.2).
(2)See the impairment of trade receivables as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic in note 1.4.1.2.