| (in millions of euros) | 2019 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Sales of energy* | Sales of energy *201943,831 | Sales of energy *201842,630 |
| electricity | electricity 201938,392 | electricity 201838,451 |
| gas | gas 20195,439 | gas 20184,178 |
| Sales of services and other | Sales of services and other20192,324 | Sales of services and other20182,244 |
| SALES | SALES201946,155 | SALES201844,874 |
* Including a share of delivery costs for sales of electricity and gas.
The increase in sales in 2019 is mainly due to favourable price effects reflecting the positive price movements on market-price offers and sales at regulated tariffs. For the regulated tariffs, the price effect results from indexing of tariffs from 1 June 2019 (+7.7% on “blue” tariffs for residential and non-residential customers) and 1 August 2019 (+1.47% on “blue” tariffs for residential customers and +1.34% on “blue” tariffs for non-residential customers). Regarding volumes, the increase in ARENH deliveries (120.4TWh subscribed in 2019 compared to 96.4TWh in 2018) was more than offset by lower demand and a substantial decrease in sales on the markets, notably due to a decline in generation of nuclear power (-12.8TWh) and hydropower (-5.8TWh).
The increase in gas sales reflects a higher volume of sales with EDF Trading.
| (in millions of euros) | 2019 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| OPERATING SUBSIDIES | OPERATING SUBSIDIES20197,670 | OPERATING SUBSIDIES20186,566 |
Operating subsidies mainly comprise the subsidy received or receivable by EDF in respect of the CSPE, reflected in the financial statements through recognition of income of €7,662 million for 2019 (€6,554 million for 2018). The increase is mainly explained by the higher subsidy for purchase obligations associated with the rise in purchased volumes of photovoltaic power (+14%) and wind power (+13.8%), the lower market prices for electricity observed in late 2019, and the increase in additional costs for energy purchases and generation in the non-interconnected island zones.
| (in millions of euros) | Notes | 2019 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reversals of provisions for risks* | Reversals of provisions for risks*Notes27 | Reversals of provisions for risks*2019552 | Reversals of provisions for risks*2018174 |
| Pensions and similar obligations | Pensions and similar obligations Notes30 | Pensions and similar obligations 2019826 | Pensions and similar obligations 2018954 |
| Spent fuel management | Spent fuel management Notes28 | Spent fuel management 2019890 | Spent fuel management 2018986 |
| Long-term radioactive waste management | Long-term radioactive waste management Notes28 | Long-term radioactive waste management 2019261 | Long-term radioactive waste management 2018260 |
| Decommissioning of nuclear power plants | Decommissioning of nuclear power plants Notes28 | Decommissioning of nuclear power plants 2019141 | Decommissioning of nuclear power plants 2018138 |
| Decommissioning of fossil-fired and hydropower plants | Decommissioning of fossil-fired and hydropower plants 201935 | Decommissioning of fossil-fired and hydropower plants 201835 | |
| Other provisions for expenses | Other provisions for expenses 2019187 | Other provisions for expenses 2018113 | |
| Reversals of provisions for expenses | Reversals of provisions for expenses20192,340 | Reversals of provisions for expenses20182,486 | |
| Reversals of impairment | Reversals of impairment2019387 | Reversals of impairment2018336 | |
| TOTAL REVERSALS OF PROVISIONS AND IMPAIRMENT | TOTAL REVERSALS OF PROVISIONS AND IMPAIRMENT20193,279 | TOTAL REVERSALS OF PROVISIONS AND IMPAIRMENT20182,996 |
* Including in 2019 a reversal of €184 million corresponding to costs booked in 2018 on long-term regasification reservation contracts of GNL Dunkerque LNG.
